Correspondence
Analysis of Spanish doctoral theses on pleural diseases
Análisis de las tesis doctorales españolas sobre enfermedades de la pleura
J.M. Porcel
, L. Liesa, G. Bagüeste, S. Bielsa
Corresponding author
Unidad de Medicina Pleural, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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Porcel, L. Liesa, G. Bagüeste, S. Bielsa" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Porcel" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "jporcelp@yahoo.es" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Liesa" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Bagüeste" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Bielsa" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Medicina Pleural, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Análisis de las tesis doctorales españolas sobre enfermedades de la pleura" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Doctoral theses (DT) are a good indicator for learning about research trends in a field of science. This is the first study that analyzes the characteristics of Spanish DT on pleural diseases and their later degree of visibility as publications indexed on PubMed.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The information contained in the TESEO databases of the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports and Doctoral Theses on Xarxa (TDX) were retrospectively analyzed. TESEO is a repository of Spanish DT that contains information dating to 1976 whereas TDX, which has been operative since 2000, only contains DT read in universities from Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, Castellón, and Andorra. With regard to the search strategy, the following descriptors were used: “pleura,” “pleural effusion,” “empyema,” “mesothelioma,” “pneumothorax,” “hemothorax,” and “chylothorax.” Some of the variables studied were gathered by contacting the authors via email.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Five hundred eighteen records were initially obtained (127 from TESEO and 391 from TDX) during the period from 1976 to 2020. After eliminating 372 that were not related to pleural diseases, four that belonged to the scope of veterinary medicine, and 11 duplicate records, 125 TD were included ultimately in the study. The doctors were 66 (52.8%) men and 59 (47.2%) women with a median age of 34 years (quartiles 31–38; range 27–65) at the time of their DT defense. The predominant specialties were pulmonology (40; 32%), internal medicine (23; 18.4%), and thoracic surgery (18; 14.4%). For the 85 subjects on which this information was obtained, a median of four years (quartiles 2–8; range 0–39) passed between the end of their residency period and the reading of their DT.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ten (0.8%) DT were read between 1976 and 1989; 43 (34.4%) between 1990 and 1999, 30 (24%) between 2000 and 2009, and 42 (33.6%) between 2010 and 2020. The DT were defended in 28 universities, with the most commonly represented universities shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>. One hundred fifteen DT included information on the thesis supervisor. There was a single supervisor for 59 (51.3%) DT, two supervisors for 46 (40%), and three supervisors for ten (8.7%). Of the total of 181 DT supervisors, 150 (82.9%) were men.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The DT were on pleural effusions (99; 79%), mainly due to a malignant cause (41; 32.8%) and, to a lesser extent, on pneumothorax (23; 18.4%) or other topics. The research was mainly done on human subjects (110; 88%). The DT were written in Spanish (122; 97.6%), English (2; 1.6%), or Catalan (1; 0.8%). Only three (2.4%) DT had a European or international mention.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The DT format was traditional in 118 (94.4%) cases and was a compendium of publications in the remaining seven (5.6%) cases. Thirteen (12.7%) theses were granted the special doctorate award out of the 102 works on which this information was available.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sixty-six (52.8%) doctors did not publish the results of their research. On the contrary, 39 (31.2%) authored one publication, 11 (8.8%) authored two publications, and nine (7.2%) authored three or more publications directly related to the content of their DT. In regard to impact factor, and listing the journal with the highest quartile in the case of several publications, the 59 authors published their studies in Q1 or first quartile (27; 45.8%), Q2 (11; 18.6%), Q3 (8; 13.6%), Q4 journals (12; 20.3%) or journals without an impact factor (1; 1.7%) as first author (40; 67.8%), last author (1; 1.7%), or in other authorship positions (18; 30.5%).</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 97 articles were published in 58 different journals (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). A total of 45 (46.4%) articles were published in journals on respiratory medicine and 27 (27.8%) were written in Spanish.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After the defense of their DT, 59 (47.2%) doctors did not publish anything on pleural diseases, whereas 66 (52.8%) produced at least one article on this topic apart from the work or works that may have stemmed from the DT.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study reveals that only three to four DT are defended each year on pleural diseases in Spain. This is a reflection of the insufficient number of professionals with university ties who devote their time and interest to pleural medicine<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Despite the fact that there are 46 medical schools in our country, 50% of the DT read on pleural disease were concentrated in just five. With women gaining increasing prominence in the field of medicine, the balanced distribution of sex among those pursuing doctorates stands in contrast to the predominance of men (>80%) among DT supervisors. This finding is probably circumstantial and will likely be corrected in upcoming years. Co-supervision is beginning to prevail and is already as common (50%) as the former predominance of a single supervisor<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>. Nevertheless, the traditional DT continues to prevail over the compendium of publications format. The latter would be <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a priori</span> more demanding for the doctoral candidate, although it confers greater benefits in regard to the candidate’s curriculum vitae<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A relevant finding was that more than half of DT were not published, at least not in PubMed-indexed journals. This insufficient rate of publication (publications/DT ratio of 0.77) breaks with the ultimate purpose of any research, which is to make our findings known to the scientific community and subject them to scrutiny for the sake of advancing the science. A measure that could prevent this deficiency that has already been adopted by various universities would be to require an indexed publication along with the DT as a requirement for its defense.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is also notable that approximately half of the doctors do not continue along the line of research of their DT. Institutions and DT supervisors should foster and ensure continuity of the research topic started by the new doctor.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study has limitations. The information contained in the TESEO and TDX archives is occasionally incomplete and there may be DT that are not registered in these repositories. In line with its objectives, this study is merely descriptive. Lastly, we cannot rule out the existence of publications derived from DT in journals that are not indexed on PubMed.</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion, more than half of the DT on pleural diseases did not translate into an indexed publication and new doctors often do not continue along this line of research. This should lead us to reflect on the ultimate purpose of a DT and its educational implications.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Porcel JM, Liesa L, Bagüeste G, Bielsa S. Análisis de las tesis doctorales españolas sobre enfermedades de la pleura. Rev Clin Esp. 2022;222:57–58.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0005" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">University \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">No. of theses read \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Autonomous University of Barcelona \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">University of Lleida \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">University of Seville \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">University of Valencia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Miguel Hernández University of Elche \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">University of Zaragoza \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Complutense University of Madrid \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">University of Barcelona \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">University of Santiago de Compostela \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2795957.png" ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Journals \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">No. of articles \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Archivos de Bronconeumología</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chest</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Medicina Clínica</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lung</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">European Respiratory Journal</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Revista Clínica Española</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">American Journal of Clinical Pathology</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2795956.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Spanish universities with the most doctoral thesis on pleural diseases (1976–2020) and main journals where the studies were published.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Trends in pleural effusion research: a bibliometric analysis from the Scopus database" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "S. Bielsa" 1 => "J.M. Porcel" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pleura" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "8" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Las tesis doctorales en radiodiagnóstico: estudio de la producción española entre 1976 y 2011" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "K. Machan" 1 => "F. Sendra Portero" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.rx.2018.03.005" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Radiologia" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "60" "paginaInicial" => "394" "paginaFinal" => "403" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29776667" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Tesis por compendio de publicaciones: la innovación del doctorado" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J.I. De Granda-Orive" 1 => "V. Villena-Garrido" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2017.07.001" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "54" "paginaInicial" => "56" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28811066" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/22548874/0000022200000001/v1_202201050658/S2254887421001272/v1_202201050658/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "71813" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Correspondence" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/22548874/0000022200000001/v1_202201050658/S2254887421001272/v1_202201050658/en/main.pdf?idApp=WRCEE&text.app=https://www.revclinesp.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887421001272?idApp=WRCEE" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
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