Suggestions
Idioma
Guide for authors
Searcher
Journal Information
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Visits
136
Review
Uncorrected Proof. Available online 5 March 2026

Diagnostic accuracy of serum NT-proBNP for pleural effusions due to congestive heart failure: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis

Precisión diagnóstica del NT-proBNP sérico en derrames pleurales por insuficiencia cardíaca: una revision sistemática y meta-análisis actualizado
Visits
136
J.-Y. Cuia,b, W.-Q. Zhengb,c, J.M. Porceld, Z.-D. Hub,c,e,f, Y. Niug,*, L. Yana,b,
Corresponding author
a Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010010, China
b Key Laboratory for Biomarkers, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010010, China
c Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010010, China
d Pleural Medicine and Clinical Ultrasound Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
e Center for Clinical Epidemiology Research, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010010, China
f Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Hohhot 010010, China
g Public Service Center for Medical Research, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010010, China
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Full Text
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Abstract
Background and objective

Several studies have investigated the diagnostic value of serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for congestive heart failure (CHF) in patients with undiagnosed pleural effusion, but results remain inconsistent. This systematic review aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of serum NT-proBNP levels in CHF-related effusions.

Methods

PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for eligible studies investigating the accuracy of serum NT-proBNP in diagnosing CHF-related pleural effusions until March 1, 2025. We used a bivariate model to summarize the pooled sensitivity and specificity. The overall diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using a summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve. We compared the accuracy of serum and pleural fluid NT-proBNP levels in studies evaluating both. Study quality was assessed using the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2).

Results

Seven studies, including 1098 patients with and 1114 without CHF-related pleural effusion, were included. Serum NT-proBNP's pooled sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing CHF-related pleural effusion were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75–0.88) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75–0.91). The positive likelihood ratio was 5.3 (95% CI: 3.2–8.8), negative likelihood ratio 0.20 (95% CI: 0.14–0.31), diagnostic odds ratio 26 (95% CI: 12–56), and area under the sROC curve 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87–0.92). No publication bias was detected. A head-to-head comparison of five studies showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of serum and pleural NT-proBNP for labeling CHF was similar.

Conclusions

Serum NT-proBNP level shows good diagnostic accuracy for CHF-related pleural effusions, with diagnostic performance comparable to that of pleural fluid NT-proBNP level.

Keywords:
Pleural effusion
NT-proBNP
Heart failure
Meta-analysis
Sensitivity
Specificity
Abbreviations:
ACC
AHA
AUC
BTS
CHF
CI
DOR
ECLIA
ELISA
ESC
FN
FP
HFSA
LC
MPE
NLR
NPV
NR
NS
NT-proBNP
PE
PF
PLR
PPE
PPV
QUADAS-2
sROC
TN
TP
TPE
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Varios estudios han investigado el valor diagnóstico de la fracción aminoterminal del péptido natriurético cerebral (NT-proBNP) en suero para la insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva (ICC) en pacientes con derrame pleural de etiología no filiada, pero los resultados son inconsistentes. Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo determinar la precisión diagnóstica de los niveles séricos de NT-proBNP en los derrames pleurales relacionados con la ICC.

Métodos

Se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos PubMed y Web of Science para identificar estudios elegibles que evaluaran la precisión del NT-proBNP sérico en el diagnóstico de derrames pleurales relacionados con la ICC hasta el 1 de marzo de 2025. Se utilizó un modelo bivariante para resumir la sensibilidad y especificidad combinadas. La precisión diagnóstica global se evaluó mediante una curva resumen de características operativas del receptor (sROC). En los estudios que evaluaron ambas determinaciones, se comparó la precisión del NT-proBNP en suero y líquido pleural. La calidad metodológica de los estudios se evaluó mediante la versión revisada de la herramienta Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2).

Resultados

Se incluyeron siete estudios, que comprendieron 1098 pacientes con derrame pleural relacionado con ICC y 1114 sin ICC. La sensibilidad y especificidad combinadas del NT-proBNP sérico para el diagnóstico de derrame pleural por ICC fueron del 0,83 (IC del 95%: 0,75–0,88) y del 0,84 (IC del 95%: 0,75–0,91), respectivamente. El cociente de probabilidad positivo fue de 5,3 (IC del 95%: 3,2–8,8), el cociente de probabilidad negativo de 0,20 (IC del 95%: 0,14–0,31), la odds ratio diagnóstica de 26 (IC del 95%: 12–56) y el área bajo la curva sROC de 0,90 (IC del 95%: 0,87–0,92). No se detectó sesgo de publicación. La comparación directa de cinco estudios mostró que el área bajo la curva (AUC) del NT-proBNP sérico y pleural para identificar ICC fue similar.

Conclusiones

El nivel sérico de NT-proBNP muestra una buena precisión diagnóstica para los derrames pleurales relacionados con la ICC, comparable a la del NT-proBNP en líquido pleural.

Palabras clave:
Derrame pleural
NT-proBNP
Insuficiencia cardíaca
Meta-análisis
Sensibilidad
Especificidad
Graphical abstract

Article

These are the options to access the full texts of the publication Revista Clínica Española (English Edition)
Member
Si es usted socio de FESEMI siga los siguientes pasos:

Diríjase desde aquí a la web de la >>>FESEMI<<< e inicie sesión mediante el formulario que se encuentra en la barra superior, pulsando sobre el candado.

Una vez autentificado, en la misma web de FESEMI, en el menú superior, elija la opción deseada.

>>>FESEMI<<<

Subscriber
Subscriber

If you already have your login data, please click here .

If you have forgotten your password you can you can recover it by clicking here and selecting the option “I have forgotten my password”
Subscribe
Subscribe to
Revista Clínica Española (English Edition)
Purchase
Purchase article

Purchasing article the PDF version will be downloaded

Purchase now
Contact
Phone for subscriptions and reporting of errors
From Monday to Friday from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. (GMT + 1) except for the months of July and August which will be from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Calls from Spain
932 415 960
Calls from outside Spain
+34 932 415 960
Email
Idiomas
Revista Clínica Española (English Edition)
Article options
Tools
Supplemental materials